Added the CDJ-900NXS firmware patcher.
Takes the official C900NXS.UPD (1.31, checked by SHA-256), lets you choose mods in a list (arrows, space, enter; numbers where the terminal cannot pass keys), patches the application with the emulator checkout's mods/patch_cdj900nxs.py, packs it and writes a new C900NXS.UPD labelled 1.32. Only the application is replaced: the boot loader and recovery records, MAIN's S0/S7 records, DRIV and PANL are copied byte for byte and checked again on the finished file, which is also unpacked the boot loader's way and compared with the patched application. --stock differs from the official file in the version label and its CRC only. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Thiemo TizianiandClaude Opus 5.5 committed
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
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"""The CDJ-900NXS update file (C900NXS.UPD, firmware 1.31): read, rebuild with
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a new MAIN application, and check that nothing else changed.
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The file: three decimal section lengths, one per line, then the sections
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DRIV, MAIN and PANL. Each section is a 32-byte header ("CDJ-900NXS MAINVer1.31"
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...; its last byte selects the updater's mode, "0" = application only), then
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Motorola S-records, then a CRC-16/XMODEM of all that, little-endian.
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MAIN's S-records fill the player's NOR flash from 0: below 0x40000 the boot
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loader and the recovery loader, from 0x40000 the application as one packed
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region ([u32 length][LZSS stream][u16 additive checksum of length and stream]).
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The boot loader checks that sum and unpacks the region to 0x08000000. The
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updater in application-only mode writes 0x40000-0x7E0000 only.
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This module never changes the boot loader or recovery records, DRIV or PANL:
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build_main() copies them byte for byte and verify() checks it again on the
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finished file.
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"""
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import binascii
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import hashlib
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import re
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import struct
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STOCK_UPD_SHA256 = 'e96bca7d1ac983985992a8e5fa7813e1ebf04bef514e0c6cfd0a8375f667f7f9'
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STOCK_APP_SHA256 = '1ac3e30cde292865413950fe159663b3958e85939ed0a5d0122f796809a5f8ef'
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STOCK_APP_SIZE = 16519056
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APP_START = 0x40000 # the application's packed region in flash
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APP_END = 0x7E0000 # what the updater may write, end exclusive
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RECORD_DATA = 32 # data bytes per new S2 record, as the stock file
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ADDRESS_BYTES = {0: 2, 1: 2, 2: 3, 3: 4, 5: 2, 6: 3, 7: 4, 8: 3, 9: 2}
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HEADER = re.compile(rb'CDJ-900NXS (DRIV|MAIN|PANL)Ver(\d\.\d\d)')
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class UpdError(Exception):
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pass
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def sha256(data):
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return hashlib.sha256(data).hexdigest()
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def crc(data):
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return binascii.crc_hqx(data, 0)
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class Record:
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__slots__ = ('kind', 'address', 'data')
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def __init__(self, kind, address, data):
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self.kind, self.address, self.data = kind, address, bytes(data)
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def __eq__(self, other):
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return (self.kind, self.address, self.data) == (other.kind, other.address, other.data)
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def encode(self):
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width = ADDRESS_BYTES[self.kind]
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body = bytes([width + len(self.data) + 1]) + self.address.to_bytes(width, 'big') + self.data
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body += bytes([~sum(body) & 0xFF])
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return b'S%d' % self.kind + body.hex().upper().encode() + b'\r\n'
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class Section:
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def __init__(self, blob):
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self.blob = blob
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if len(blob) < 36:
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raise UpdError('a section is truncated')
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if crc(blob[:-2]) != struct.unpack_from('<H', blob, len(blob) - 2)[0]:
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raise UpdError('a section fails its CRC')
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self.header = blob[:32]
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m = HEADER.match(self.header)
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if not m:
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raise UpdError('unexpected section header %r' % self.header)
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self.name, self.version = m.group(1).decode(), m.group(2).decode()
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text = blob[32:-2]
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if not text.endswith(b'\r\n'):
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raise UpdError('%s: the S-records do not end in a line break' % self.name)
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self.records = []
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for n, line in enumerate(text[:-2].split(b'\r\n'), 1):
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if not re.fullmatch(rb'S[0-9][0-9A-F]+', line):
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raise UpdError('%s: S-record %d is malformed' % (self.name, n))
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kind = int(line[1:2])
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if kind not in ADDRESS_BYTES:
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raise UpdError('%s: S-record %d has type %d' % (self.name, n, kind))
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raw = bytes.fromhex(line[2:].decode())
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width = ADDRESS_BYTES[kind]
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if len(raw) != raw[0] + 1 or len(raw) < width + 2 or sum(raw) & 0xFF != 0xFF:
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raise UpdError('%s: S-record %d fails its length or checksum' % (self.name, n))
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self.records.append(Record(kind, int.from_bytes(raw[1:1 + width], 'big'), raw[1 + width:-1]))
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if self.records[0].kind != 0 or self.records[-1].kind not in (7, 8, 9):
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raise UpdError('%s: no S-record header or end' % self.name)
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def data_records(self):
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return [r for r in self.records if r.kind in (1, 2, 3)]
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def flash(self, size=APP_END):
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"""The bytes the records put into flash below `size` (0xFF elsewhere)."""
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image = bytearray(b'\xff' * size)
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for r in self.data_records():
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if r.address + len(r.data) > size:
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raise UpdError('%s: a record reaches past 0x%X' % (self.name, size))
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image[r.address:r.address + len(r.data)] = r.data
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return bytes(image)
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def encode_section(header, records):
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body = header + b''.join(r.encode() for r in records)
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return body + struct.pack('<H', crc(body))
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def parse(raw):
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"""The three sections of an update file, every length and checksum checked."""
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pos, sizes = 0, []
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for _ in range(3):
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end = raw.index(b'\r\n', pos)
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if not raw[pos:end].isdigit():
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raise UpdError('the file does not start with three section lengths')
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sizes.append(int(raw[pos:end]))
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pos = end + 2
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if pos + sum(sizes) != len(raw):
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raise UpdError('the section lengths do not add up to the file')
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sections = []
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for size in sizes:
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sections.append(Section(raw[pos:pos + size]))
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pos += size
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if [s.name for s in sections] != ['DRIV', 'MAIN', 'PANL']:
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raise UpdError('the sections are not DRIV, MAIN, PANL')
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return sections
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def join(sections_blobs):
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return b''.join(b'%d\r\n' % len(b) for b in sections_blobs) + b''.join(sections_blobs)
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# --- the packed application -------------------------------------------------
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def unpack_lzss(stream):
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"""The boot loader's LZSS (0xA0000900): a 4096-byte ring of 4078 spaces and
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18 zeros, written from 4078; flag bits LSB first, 1 = literal; a match is
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2 bytes, 12-bit ring position and length 3-18."""
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ring = bytearray(b' ' * 4078 + b'\0' * 18)
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r, out, pos, n = 4078, bytearray(), 0, len(stream)
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while pos < n:
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flags = stream[pos]
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pos += 1
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for bit in range(8):
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if pos >= n:
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break
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if flags >> bit & 1:
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b = stream[pos]
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pos += 1
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out.append(b)
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ring[r] = b
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r = (r + 1) & 0xFFF
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else:
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if pos + 2 > n:
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raise UpdError('the packed application ends inside a match')
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lo, hi = stream[pos], stream[pos + 1]
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pos += 2
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at, count = lo | (hi & 0xF0) << 4, (hi & 0x0F) + 3
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for k in range(count):
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b = ring[(at + k) & 0xFFF]
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out.append(b)
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ring[r] = b
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r = (r + 1) & 0xFFF
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return bytes(out)
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def region(flash):
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"""(application, packed region bytes) from the flash image."""
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size = struct.unpack_from('<I', flash, APP_START)[0]
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end = APP_START + 4 + size
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if end + 2 > APP_END:
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raise UpdError('the packed application runs past 0x%X' % APP_END)
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stored = struct.unpack_from('<H', flash, end)[0]
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if stored != sum(flash[APP_START:end]) & 0xFFFF:
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raise UpdError('the packed application fails its additive checksum')
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return unpack_lzss(flash[APP_START + 4:end]), flash[APP_START:end + 2]
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def pack_region(stream):
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"""[length][stream][additive checksum], padded with 0xFF to 32 bytes."""
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out = struct.pack('<I', len(stream)) + stream
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out += struct.pack('<H', sum(out) & 0xFFFF)
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return out + b'\xff' * (-len(out) % RECORD_DATA)
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# --- the stock file -----------------------------------------------------------
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class Stock:
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"""The official update, checked to be exactly the 1.31 file."""
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def __init__(self, raw):
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if sha256(raw) != STOCK_UPD_SHA256:
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raise UpdError('this is not the original CDJ-900NXS 1.31 update (SHA-256 %s)' % sha256(raw))
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self.raw = raw
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self.sections = parse(raw)
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main = self.sections[1]
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if main.version != '1.31' or main.header[31:32] != b'0':
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raise UpdError('MAIN is not 1.31 in application-only mode')
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kinds = {r.kind for r in main.records}
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if not kinds <= {0, 2, 7}:
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raise UpdError('MAIN has unexpected record types %s' % sorted(kinds))
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self.flash = main.flash()
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self.application, _ = region(self.flash)
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if len(self.application) != STOCK_APP_SIZE or sha256(self.application) != STOCK_APP_SHA256:
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raise UpdError('the 1.31 application inside does not match')
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def boot_records(self):
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"""Boot loader and recovery: every data record below the application."""
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recs = self.sections[1].data_records()
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low = [r for r in recs if r.address < APP_START]
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if any(r.address + len(r.data) > APP_START for r in low):
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raise UpdError('a stock record crosses into the application')
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return low
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def relabel(header, version):
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old = HEADER.match(header).group(0)
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new = old[:-4] + version.encode()
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if not re.fullmatch(r'\d\.\d\d', version):
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raise UpdError('the version label must look like 1.32')
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out = header.replace(old, new, 1)
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if out[:len(old) - 4] != header[:len(old) - 4] or out[len(old):] != header[len(old):]:
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raise UpdError('relabelling would change more than the version')
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return out
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def build(stock, application, packed_stream, label='1.32'):
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"""The new update: stock DRIV and PANL, MAIN with the stock header (version
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label only changed), the stock S0, the stock boot loader and recovery
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records, the new application region, and the stock S7 end record."""
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main = stock.sections[1]
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reg = pack_region(packed_stream)
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if APP_START + len(reg) > APP_END:
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raise UpdError('the packed application needs %d bytes, the flash has %d'
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% (len(reg), APP_END - APP_START))
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records = [main.records[0]] + stock.boot_records()
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records += [Record(2, APP_START + off, reg[off:off + RECORD_DATA]) for off in range(0, len(reg), RECORD_DATA)]
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records.append(main.records[-1])
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blob = encode_section(relabel(main.header, label) if label else main.header, records)
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return join([stock.sections[0].blob, blob, stock.sections[2].blob])
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def verify(raw, stock, application, label='1.32'):
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"""Every check on a finished file; returns the list of what was checked."""
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done = []
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sections = parse(raw)
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done.append('section lengths, CRC-16 of every section, every S-record checksum')
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if sections[0].blob != stock.sections[0].blob or sections[2].blob != stock.sections[2].blob:
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raise UpdError('DRIV or PANL differs from stock')
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done.append('DRIV and PANL byte for byte as stock')
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main, smain = sections[1], stock.sections[1]
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if main.header != (relabel(smain.header, label) if label else smain.header):
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raise UpdError('the MAIN header differs beyond its version label')
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if main.header[31:32] != b'0':
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raise UpdError('the MAIN header no longer selects application-only mode')
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done.append('MAIN header as stock but for the label %s; application-only mode kept' % (label or '1.31'))
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if main.records[0] != smain.records[0] or main.records[-1] != smain.records[-1]:
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raise UpdError('the S0 header or S7 entry record changed')
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done.append('S0 header record and S7 entry record as stock')
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low = [r for r in main.data_records() if r.address < APP_START]
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if low != stock.boot_records():
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raise UpdError('the boot loader or recovery records changed')
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flash = main.flash()
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if flash[:APP_START] != stock.flash[:APP_START]:
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raise UpdError('the boot loader or recovery bytes changed')
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done.append('boot loader and recovery (flash 0x0-0x3FFFF): every record and byte as stock')
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if any(r.address < APP_START < r.address + len(r.data) for r in main.data_records()):
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raise UpdError('a record crosses into the boot area')
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done.append('no record reaches past 0x%X or into the boot area' % APP_END)
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app, reg = region(flash)
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done.append('packed application: additive checksum')
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if app != application:
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raise UpdError('the update does not unpack to the patched application')
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done.append('unpacked with the boot loader\'s LZSS: exactly the patched application (SHA-256 %s)'
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% sha256(app)[:16])
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done.append('flash used by the application: %d of %d bytes' % (len(reg), APP_END - APP_START))
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return done
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